Unique Top-selling NSE7_NST-7.2 Exams - New 2024 Fortinet Pratice Exam
Fortinet Certification Dumps NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam for Full Questions - Exam Study Guide
NEW QUESTION # 16 
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a diagnose command.
What can you conclude from the RTT value?
- A. Its value represents the time it takes to receive a response after a rating request is sent to a particular server.
- B. Its value is incremented with each packet lost.
- C. It determines which FortiGuard server is used for license validation.
- D. lts initial value is statically set to 10.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* RTT (Round Trip Time):
* RTT in the context of the FortiGuard server list indicates the time it takes for a request to be sent to a FortiGuard server and for a response to be received.
* This metric helps determine the latency between the FortiGate device and the FortiGuard servers, which is crucial for ensuring efficient and quick updates and responses for services like web
* filtering and antivirus updates.
* Server Selection:
* The FortiGate device uses RTT values to prioritize servers. Servers with lower RTT values are preferred as they respond faster, ensuring minimal delay in processing requests.
* This improves the overall performance of FortiGuard services by reducing the time it takes to communicate with the servers.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting FortiGuard server connections and RTT values(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
* Fortinet Documentation: FortiGuard server settings and RTT explanation(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 17
There are four exchanges during IKEv2 negotiation.
Which sequence is correct?
- A. INIT_Re, INIT_Auth,ID_Child and SET_Nonce
- B. lnit_Req, Wait_lnit_Req,ID_Auth_Req and Create_CHILD_SA
- C. IKE_SAJNIT, IKE_Auth, Create_CHILD_SA and Informational
- D. IKE_Proposal,ID_Auth, PiggyBack_CHILD and Informational
Answer: C
Explanation:
* IKE_SA_INIT:
* This is the first exchange in IKEv2. It establishes a secure, authenticated channel between peers and negotiates cryptographic algorithms and keys.
* IKE_Auth:
* The second exchange authenticates the IKE SA (Security Association) using the previously negotiated keys and algorithms. This exchange also establishes the first IPsec SA.
* Create_CHILD_SA:
* This exchange creates additional IPsec SAs after the initial authentication. It can also be used to rekey existing IPsec SAs to maintain security.
* Informational:
* This is a generic exchange used for various purposes such as error notification, deletion of SAs, and other control messages.
References:
* Fortinet Community: IKEv2 packet exchanges and troubleshooting
* Fortinet Documentation: IPsec VPN Concepts
NEW QUESTION # 18
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time LDAP debug.
What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
- A. FortiOS is able to locate the user in step 3 (Bind Request) of the LDAP authentication process.
- B. The user is authenticating using CN=John Smith.
- C. FortiOS is performing the second step (Search Request) in the LDAP authentication process.
- D. The name of the configured LDAP server is Lab.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
* LDAP Authentication Process:
* LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) authentication involves several steps: Bind Request, Search Request, and Bind Response.
* The Bind Request is used to authenticate the client to the LDAP server.
* The Search Request is used to find the directory entry that matches the provided criteria.
* Analyzing the Exhibit:
* The exhibit shows a real-time LDAP debug output.
* The debug log includes a successful resolution of the LDAP FQDN, indicating that the LDAP server was reached.
* The debug log also shows the start of a search using the distinguished name (DN) base and a filter to locate the userjsmith.
* Conclusion:
* Since FortiOS successfully resolved the LDAP server and initiated a search for the userjsmith, it indicates that the LDAP server was located, and the search request was performed.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Understanding LDAP authentication steps and troubleshooting(Fortinet Docs).
* Fortinet Documentation: LDAP integration and debugging in FortiOS(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which of the following regarding protocol states is true?
- A. proto_state=10 indicates an established TCP session.
- B. proto state=01 indicates one-way ICMP traffic.
- C. proto_state-01 indicates an established TCP session.
- D. proto_state=00 indicates that UDP traffic flows in both directions.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Understanding protocol states:
* proto_state=00: Indicates no traffic or a closed session.
* proto_state=01: Typically indicates one-way ICMP traffic or a partially established TCP session.
* proto_state=10: Indicates an established TCP session, where the session has completed the three-way handshake and both sides can send and receive data.
* proto_state=11: Often indicates a fully established and active bidirectional session.
* Explanation of correct answer:
* proto_state=10is the correct indication for an established TCP session as it signifies that the session is fully established and active.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* Fortinet Firewall Protocol State Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 20
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of diagnose npu np6 port-list on a FortiGate1500D.
An administrator is unable to analyze traffic flowing between port1 and port7 using the diagnose sniffer command.
Which two commands allow the administrator to view the traffic? (Choose two.)
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* Diagnose NPU NP6 Port-list Disable Command:
* Thediagnose npu np6 port-list disablecommand disables specific ports on the NP6 processor.
This can help in cases where you need to analyze traffic and the hardware offloading is interfering.
* Command:diagnose npu np6 port-list disable 5 17(as shown in Option A).
* Diagnose NPU NP6 Fastpath Disable Command:
* Disabling the fastpath feature on NP6 can also allow for better visibility into the traffic as it bypasses hardware acceleration, which might obscure traffic details.
* Command:diagnose npu np6 fastpath disable 0(as shown in Option C).
References:
* Fortinet Documentation on Troubleshooting BGP and NPU Settings(Fortinet Docs).
* Fortinet Community Technical Notes on NPU and Traffic Analysis(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 21
Refer to the exhibit, which shows two entries that were generated in the FSSO collector agent logs.
What three conclusions can you draw from these log entries? (Choose three.)
- A. The user's status shows as "not verified" in the collector agent
- B. DNS resolution is unable to resolve the workstation name.
- C. Remote registry is not running on the workstation.
- D. The FortiGate firmware version is not compatible with that of the collector agent
- E. A firewall is blocking traffic to port 139 and 445.
Answer: B,C,E
Explanation:
The exhibit shows log entries from the FSSO (Fortinet Single Sign-On) collector agent logs. These logs provide insights into why there might be issues with the collector agent connecting to workstations or the registry.
* Remote registry is not running on the workstation: The failure to connect to the workstation registry
* can occur if the remote registry service on the workstation is not running. This service needs to be active to allow the FSSO collector agent to query the workstation for user login information.
* DNS resolution is unable to resolve the workstation name: The logs indicate a failure in connecting to a workstation by name, which can happen if the DNS server is unable to resolve the workstation's name to an IP address. This is a common issue when the DNS settings are incorrect or the workstation name is not properly registered in the DNS.
* A firewall is blocking traffic to port 139 and 445: Communication issues to the workstation or registry are often caused by firewall rules blocking essential ports. Ports 139 (NetBIOS) and 445 (SMB) are critical for these operations. Ensure these ports are open on both the workstation and any intermediate firewalls.
References
* Fortinet Community Documentation on FSSO Troubleshooting
* Fortinet Community on FSSO Collector Agent Issues
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which statement is correct regarding LDAP authentication using the regular bind type?
- A. The regular bind typerequires a FortiGate super_adminaccount.
- B. The regular bind type cannot be used if users are authenticated using sAMAccountName.
- C. The regular bind type is the easiest bind type to configure on FortiOS.
- D. The regular bind type goes through four steps to successfully authenticate a user.
Answer: D
Explanation:
* LDAP Authentication Process:
* The regular bind type for LDAP authentication involves multiple steps to verify user credentials.
* Step 1: The client sends a bind request with the username to the LDAP server.
* Step 2: The LDAP server responds to the bind request.
* Step 3: The client sends a bind request with the password.
* Step 4: The LDAP server responds, confirming or denying the authentication.
* Explanation of answer:
* The regular bind type follows these four steps to authenticate a user, making it a comprehensive method but not necessarily the easiest to configure.
* The statement regarding sAMAccountName and super_admin account requirements are not accurate in the context of regular bind type LDAP authentication on FortiOS.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* FortiOS LDAP Authentication Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 23
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of the get vpn ipsec tunnel details command. Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. The npu_flag for this tunnel is 02
- B. Different SPI values are a result of auto-negotiation being disabled for phase 2 selectors.
- C. The npu_flag for this tunnel is 03.
- D. Anti-replay is enabled.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* Anti-replay Enabled:
* The exhibit showsreplay: enabled, which confirms that anti-replay is enabled for this IPsec tunnel. Anti-replay is a security feature that prevents replay attacks by ensuring that packets are not duplicated or reused.
* NPU Acceleration:
* TheNPU acceleration: encryption (outbound) decryption (inbound)line indicates that Network Processing Unit (NPU) acceleration is used.
* The npu_flag for this tunnel is 02. This indicates that encryption and decryption are handled by the NPU, improving the performance of the VPN tunnel.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting IPsec VPN Tunnels(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Verifying IPsec VPN Tunnels(Fortinet Docs)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 24
Referto the exhibit, which shows oneway communication of the downstream FortiGate with the upstream FortiGate within a Security Fabric.
What three actions must you take to ensure successful communication? (Choose three.)
- A. You must authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate.
- B. You must enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate.
- C. Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way
- D. Ensure the port for Neighbor Discovery has been changed.
- E. FortiGate must not be in NAT mode.
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
The exhibit shows a sniffer capture where TCP port 8013 is being used for communication. The communication appears one-way, indicating potential issues with the upstream FortiGate receiving the necessary packets or being able to respond.
To ensure successful communication in a Security Fabric setup:
* Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way: Verify that no firewalls or network devices between the downstream and upstream FortiGates are blocking TCP port 8013. This port is crucial for Security Fabric communication.
* Authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate: In the Security Fabric, the root FortiGate must recognize and authorize the downstream FortiGate to allow proper communication and management.
* Enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate: The upstream FortiGate must have the Security Fabric or Fortitelemetry enabled on the interface that receives the communication from the downstream FortiGate. This enables proper data exchange and monitoring within the Security Fabric.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Security Fabric Configuration
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Port Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which two statements about conserve mode are true? (Choose two.)
- A. FortiGate starts dropping all new sessions when the system memory reaches the configured red threshold.
- B. FortiGate exits conserve mode when the system memory goes below the configured green threshold
- C. FortiGate starts taking the configured action for new sessions requiring content inspection when the system memory reaches the configured red threshold.
- D. FortiGate enters conserve mode when the system memory reaches the configured extreme threshold.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
* Conserve Mode Activation:
* FortiGate enters conserve mode to prevent system crashes when the memory usage reaches critical levels. The "red threshold" is the point at which FortiGate starts dropping new sessions to conserve memory.
* When the system memory usage exceeds this threshold, the FortiGate will block new sessions that require significant memory resources, such as those needing content inspection.
* Exiting Conserve Mode:
* The "green threshold" is the memory usage level below which FortiGate exits conserve mode and resumes normal operation.
* Once the system memory usage drops below this threshold, FortiGate will start allowing new sessions again.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Understanding conserve mode and its thresholds(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Memory conserve mode and thresholds(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Fortinet GURU).
NEW QUESTION # 26 
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configuration on FortiGate and partial session information for internet traffic from a user on the internal network.
If the priority on route ID _ were changed from 10 to 0, what would happen to traffic matching that user session?
- A. The session would remain in the session table, and itstraffic would egress from port1.
- B. The session would remain in the session table, but its trafficwould now egress from both port1.andport2.
- C. The session would remain in the session table, and its traffic would egress from port2.
- D. The session would be deleted, and the client would need to start a new session.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The exhibits show the configuration of static routes and a session table entry for an active session. The static routes are configured with different priorities:
* Route throughport1with a gateway of10.200.1.254and priority5.
* Route throughport2with a gateway of10.200.2.254and priority10.
If the priority of the route throughport2is changed from10to0, this route will become more preferred than the route throughport1because lower priority values indicate higher preference. As a result, the traffic for the existing session will switch to using the more preferred route:
* The session would remain active in the session table, as FortiGate does not immediately clear sessions upon route changes unless explicitly configured to do so.
* The traffic for the session would then start egressing fromport2, which now has the higher priority route due to its lower priority value.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Routing Configuration
* Fortinet Community on Session Handling
NEW QUESTION # 27 
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the modified output of the routing kernel.
Which statement is true?
- A. The BGP route to 10.0.4.0/24 is not in the forwarding information base.
- B. The egress interface associated with static route 8.8.8.8/32 is administratively up.
- C. The default static route through port2 is in the forwarding information base.
- D. The default static route through 10.200.1.254 is not in the forwarding information base.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The routing table shown in the exhibit lists all the routes known to the FortiGate device. It includes routes learned through different protocols such as BGP, OSPF, and static routes.
* The entryS * 0.0.0.0/0 [20/0] via 10.200.2.254, port2, [5/0]indicates that there is a static route to the default gateway (0.0.0.0/0) throughport2with a gateway IP of10.200.2.254.
* The asterisk*next to the route signifies that this route is selected and currently active in the forwarding information base (FIB). This means the FortiGate uses this route to forward packets destined for addresses not otherwise specified in the routing table.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Routing Table
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Routing
NEW QUESTION # 28
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. The RADIUS server queried for authentication is located at IP address 172.25.188.164.
- B. Authentication was successful
- C. Two-factor authentication was required.
- D. Authentication was unsuccessful.
- E. The authentication scheme used was pop3.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* RADIUS Server IP Address:
* The debug output shows that the RADIUS request was sent to the server atIP=172.25.188.164.
This indicates that the RADIUS server being queried for authentication is indeed located at this IP address.
* Authentication Result:
* The debug output includes a line indicating the result for the RADIUS server:Result for radius svr 'RadiusServer' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0. A result code of0typically signifies that the authentication attempt was unsuccessful.
* Authentication Scheme:
* The debug output does not indicate that the authentication scheme used was pop3; it mentions using CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol).
* Two-factor Authentication:
* There is no indication in the debug output that two-factor authentication was required for this session.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* RADIUS Authentication Configuration and Debugging Guides
NEW QUESTION # 29
Consider the scenario where the server name indication (SNI) does not match either the common name (CN) or any of the subject alternative names (SAN) in the server certificate. Which action will FortiGate take when using the default settingsfor SSL certificate inspection?
- A. FortiGate uses the first entry listed in the SAN field in the server certificate.
- B. FortiGate uses the 31 information from the Subject field in the server certificate.
- C. FortiGate closes the connection because this represents an invalid SSL/TLS configuration
- D. FortiGate uses the SNI from the user's web browser.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* SNI and Certificate Mismatch:When the Server Name Indication (SNI) does not match either the Common Name (CN) or any of the Subject Alternative Names (SAN) in the server certificate, FortiGate's default behavior is to consider this as an invalid SSL/TLS configuration.
* Default Action:FortiGate, under default settings for SSL certificate inspection, will close the connection to prevent potential security risks associated with mismatched certificates.
References:
* Fortinet Community: SSL Certificate Inspection Configuration and Behavior(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 30
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of FortiOS kernel slabs.
Which statement is true?
- A. The total slab size of the sctp_session slab is 0 kB and is associated with the user space
- B. The total slab size of the tcp_sessior. slab Is 7500 kB and is associated with the kernel.
- C. The total slab size of the ip6_session slab is 1300 kB and is associated with the kernel.
- D. The total slab size of the ip_session slab is 3600 kB and is associated with the user space.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Kernel Slabs Overview:
* The slab allocator in the Linux kernel is used for efficient memory management. It groups objects of the same type into caches, which are divided into slabs.
* Each slab contains multiple objects and helps to minimize fragmentation and enhance memory allocation efficiency.
* Interpreting the Exhibit:
* The exhibit shows output related to various kernel slab caches.
* The line forip6_sessionindicates that there are 1300 kB allocated for this slab, which means the total memory size allocated for IPv6 session objects in the kernel is 1300 kB.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Explanation of kernel slab allocation and usage(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Hammertux).
* Linux Kernel Documentation: Slab Allocator details(Hammertux).
NEW QUESTION # 31
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a real-time debug.
Which statement about this output is true?
- A. This web request was inspected using the rtgd-allowweb filter profile.
- B. FortiGate found the requested URL in its local cache.
- C. The requested URL belongs to category ID 255.
- D. The server hostname was extracted from the SNI in the client request, or from the CN in the server certificate
Answer: D
Explanation:
The exhibit displays the output of a real-time debug of the URL filtering process on a FortiGate device. The debug output includes various details about a web request being processed.
* SNI (Server Name Indication): This is part of the SSL/TLS handshake where the client specifies the hostname it is trying to connect to. FortiGate can use this information to apply appropriate web filtering rules based on the server name.
* CN (Common Name): This is a field in the server's SSL certificate that typically contains the server's hostname. FortiGate can extract this information to verify the identity of the server and apply security policies accordingly.
Given that the debug output includes the hostname "training.fortinet.com," it is likely derived from the SNI in the client's request or the CN in the server's certificate, indicating that FortiGate is using this information to process the web request.
References
* Fortinet Community Documentation on Real-time Debugging
NEW QUESTION # 32
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